AllMineralsRock
Smithsonite
Smithsonite is a popular mineral composed of zinc carbonate. [1]
Smithsonite: Quick Facts and Characteristics
Some quick facts for Smithsonite:- Transparency: Smithsonite can be opaque or translucent.
- Crystallography: In terms of crystallography, smithsonite can be hexagonal or trigonal.
- Luster: In terms of luster, smithsonite can be dull, greasy, pearly or vitreous (glassy).
- Streak: Smithsonite streaks white.
- Hardness: Smithsonite's hardness ranges from 4 to 4.5 on the Moh's scale.
- Specific Gravity: Smithsonite's specific gravity ranges from 4.3 to 4.45.
Smithsonite: Background and Summary
Smithsonite is a carbonate mineral that is commonly found in the oxidation zone of zinc ore deposits. It is a secondary mineral that forms in the presence of zinc-bearing solutions that have reacted with the surrounding rock. Smithsonite is named after James Smithson, a British scientist who founded the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. It is a relatively soft mineral with a Mohs hardness of 4 to 5 and a specific gravity of 4.4 to 4.5.Smithsonite can be identified by its distinctive crystal form, which is usually botryoidal or globular. It is often found in shades of green, blue, gray, and yellow, but can also be colorless or white. Smithsonite is translucent to transparent with a vitreous luster. It is also soluble in acid, which can be used to distinguish it from other carbonate minerals.
Smithsonite has several uses, including as a source of zinc ore, a decorative stone, and a gemstone. It is also used in the production of ceramics, glass, and rubber. In addition, smithsonite is sometimes used as a healing stone in crystal therapy, where it is believed to promote emotional balance and spiritual growth.
Smithsonite: Table of Properties
| Attribute | Smithsonite (src) |
|---|---|
| Transparency | translucent, opaque |
| Chemical Formula | ZnCO3 |
| Chemical Composition | zinc carbonate |
| Specific Gravity | 4.3, 4.45 |
| Hardness | 4, 4.5 |
| Streak | white |
| Crystallography | hexagonal, trigonal |
| Refractive Index | 1.621, 1.848 |
| Hydrous | No |
| Colors | common: green, yellow, blue, pink sometimes: brown, purple, colorless less common: gray, pale, white, multicolor |
| Category | carbonate |
| Birefringence | δ = 0.223 - 0.227 |
| Fracture | 1: 12: 2 |
Smithsonite: FAQ
Q: Where is smithsonite found?A: Smithsonite is found in zinc ore deposits around the world, including in the United States, Mexico, Australia, and China.
Q: Is smithsonite rare?
A: Smithsonite is not considered a rare mineral, but high-quality specimens can be valuable to collectors.
Q: Can smithsonite be used in jewelry?
A: Yes, smithsonite is sometimes used as a gemstone in jewelry. However, it is relatively soft and may not be suitable for everyday wear.
Q: What are some other minerals that are commonly found with smithsonite?
A: Other minerals that are often associated with smithsonite include calcite, dolomite, and sphalerite.
Sources
- Mindat.org: Smithsonite- Geology.com: Smithsonite
- GemSelect: Smithsonite
- Smithsonite: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smithsonite
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